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Vapor degreasing cleaning

Views: 1905

#85548

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 30 August, 2020

Hi all, (I posted on eevblog also, figured I'd try hear as well since this seems like a semi "niche" question)

I need some advice on PCB cleaning. Up to this point, our assembly line has strictly run NC paste, with all SMT parts. We never washed any boards, as no client has requested it this far. We recently bought a selective soldering machine to do more THT. There's no way that I feel comfortable shipping boards after a selective without cleaning them, the amount of flux on the board is significantly more than from SMT.

We are high mix - low volume, so doing 500 boards a week would be a really busy week for us, normally we are < 100 boards per week, so throughput shouldn't be a huge issue.

Our main issue is water supply and sewer. Our space is basically a converted warehouse/garage, that is separate from our office space upfront. This means we do not have a water supply or drainage in our space. Walking to the offices require us to go outside, so doing anything up there is also not a possibility. We also can't spend a ton of money (<$20k or so), so the zero-discharge triton aqueous systems are out. I also don't feel comfortable using ultrasonic cleaners due to the risk of damage. Same goes for full water-soluble fluxes since we do a lot of QFN's with thermal pads, I won't risk leaving residue under them and rusting. So I assume we will use an NC/R/RMA flux.

It seems to me like the only real option we have is to use a vapor-degreaser since they are zero-discharge as they reuse the solvents. I just don't like how they don't seem to be super commonly used nowadays; it seems like it is an "outdated" technology as compared to aqueous cleaning. I found some nice solvents from techspray (ME-1500) that are low-VOC and plastic safe. There's also an AIM article: "New Vapor Degreasing Chemistries to Remove Difficult Lead-Free and No-Clean Fluxes from Modern PCBs" that showcases some of the new solvents that are used. I found some nice machines (not specifically for PCBs, I can't find any that are) that are new for <$10K.

So am I missing something here? Is there a reason to shy away from vapor degreasing for our application? Any other thoughts/suggestions are much appreciated!

Side note: Has anyone used any of Superior Flux's products? They seem like a nice company, all pastes are built to order, and I was actually able to talk to a chemist for an hour picking his brain. I've never been able to talk to a real person at Kester/Loctite before, so that was a nice change!

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#85557

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 31 August, 2020

I guess my question would be why are you getting so much/leaving so much flux on the boards during the select solder process? With a drop-jet fluxer you should be able to apply the flux very selectively and leave a fairly clean looking PCBA, assuming all the flux is activated properly.

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#85558

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 31 August, 2020

We are using a spray fluxer. Most of the THT parts are long connectors, so we spray along the length of the connector. I'm sure we can tune it a bit to reduce the amount of flux some. We're still going to need to remove the flux for some of our clients though. Just trying to be prepared for that time.

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#85566

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 31 August, 2020

I would question your motive "There's no way that I feel comfortable shipping boards after a selective without cleaning them, the amount of flux on the board is significantly more than from SMT". 1. Who said that residue should be cleaned and why? Often people jump cleaning NC, because it doesn't LOOK clean. 2. If it is really a lot of residue - why? 3. If you will use NC chemistry why are you talking about water? Are you planning to switch to water wash?

From experience most of the assemblies that need cleaning actually don't. I myself turned customers back to NC process multiple times.

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#85569

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 31 August, 2020

> I would question your motive "There's no way
> that I feel comfortable shipping boards after a
> selective without cleaning them, the amount of
> flux on the board is significantly more than from
> SMT". 1. Who said that residue should be
> cleaned and why? Often people jump cleaning NC,
> because it doesn't LOOK clean. 2. If it is really
> a lot of residue - why? 3. If you will use NC
> chemistry why are you talking about water? Are
> you planning to switch to water wash?

From
> experience most of the assemblies that need
> cleaning actually don't. I myself turned
> customers back to NC process multiple times.

You make some valid points most-definitely. The issue of cleaning NC or not is just something that seems to be wildly different depending on who you ask. Some people say they definitely should be cleaned, others say no. I personally haven't seen any issues with it, but who knows.

Yes, I'm sure we can reduce the residue by fine-tuning the selective better - we are planning on doing that.

I do not plan on using NC and washing. We would most likely switch to R/RMA and use the vapor degreaser for them.

Part of the motivation behind wanting to clean is to be able to ship boards that look clean to the eye. We also have a client that needs to conformal coat his boards, so they must be washed. I also want to have the ability to wash, so when a client requires it, we don't have to turn them away since we do not have a system in place for it.

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#85580

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 1 September, 2020

The problem that we have seen applying NC flux (EF2210) at selective solder is that the flux overspray (relative to the nozzle path) did not see high enough temperature to activate the flux and turn it to a non-conductive, benign residue as one would see after reflow or wave. We bake boards after SS at about 120C to activate the unresolved flux. There is residue, but not a sticky, messy goo.

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#85592

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 3 September, 2020

> The problem that we have seen applying NC flux
> (EF2210) at selective solder is that the flux
> overspray (relative to the nozzle path) did not
> see high enough temperature to activate the flux
> and turn it to a non-conductive, benign residue
> as one would see after reflow or wave. We bake
> boards after SS at about 120C to activate the
> unresolved flux. There is residue, but not a
> sticky, messy goo.

Hmm. But presumably the selective solder preheat should fully activate the flux no?

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#85596

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 3 September, 2020

Not in our case, the pre-heat temp was not high enough. Also our pre-heat is only from top (KISS104).

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#85597

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 3 September, 2020

> Not in our case, the pre-heat temp was not high
> enough. Also our pre-heat is only from top
> (KISS104).

Ahh that makes total sense. We have bottom IR, and have thermocoupled at 100c, so I think we should be good on that end.

Another question, we have one connector today get pushed up from the selective wave, soldering it all crooked. Is that something that happens sometimes? Any thoughts on prevention?

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#85607

Vapor degreasing cleaning | 8 September, 2020

We've had to hand solder 1 or 2 pins in cases like this or you could use chip bond or some adhesive on the component body.

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